The judge who has primary responsibility for the administration of a court; The order of legal precedence of unsecured claims in the Insolvency Code, which determines the order in which unsecured claims are paid if there is not enough money to pay all unsecured claims in full. A jury or judge decision that determines the guilt or innocence of a defendant or determines the final outcome of a civil proceeding. A court order preventing one or more named parties from acting. An injunction is often issued to allow for a finding of fact so that a judge can determine whether a permanent injunction is warranted. Jury selection process to interview potential jurors to determine their qualifications and determine a basis for challenge. Instructions from a judge to the jury before it begins deliberations on the substantive questions to be answered and the legislation to be applied. The legal power of a court to hear and decide a particular type of case. It is also used as a synonym for jurisdiction, i.e. the geographical area over which the court has territorial jurisdiction to rule on cases. In criminal law, the constitutional guarantee that an accused receives a fair and impartial trial. In civil law, the legal rights of a person who is confronted with an adverse act that threatens liberty or property. Legal advice; A term that is also used to refer to lawyers in a case. These words are often used in legal documents and care must be taken to use them correctly in context.
The fact that the meaning changes with context may be a reason not to use it at all and, if possible, to be specific. Written statements submitted to the court outlining a party`s legal or factual allegations about the case. The court gave an example according to which the normal life expectancy of a person from 74 to two years is not significant, whereas such a reduction would be a significant reduction and therefore significant for a 24-year-old. The chapter of the Insolvency Code, which provides for the settlement of debts of a “family farmer” or “family fisher”, as defined in the Insolvency Act. An action brought by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a claim that the defendant failed to comply with a legal obligation that caused harm to the plaintiff. The legal system that originated in England and is now used in the United States is based on the articulation of legal principles in a historical succession of judicial decisions. Common law principles can be changed by statute. A court decision in a previous case with facts and points of law similar to a dispute currently pending in court.
Judges generally “follow precedents,” that is, they use principles established in previous cases to decide new cases that have similar facts and raise similar legal issues. A judge will disregard precedents if a party can prove that the previous case was ill-decided or that it differs significantly from the current case. Chapter of the Insolvency Code that provides for “liquidation”, i.e. the sale of a debtor`s non-exempt assets and the distribution of the proceeds to creditors. To be eligible for Chapter 7, the debtor must pass a “means test”. The court assesses the debtor`s income and expenses to determine whether the debtor can sue under Chapter 7. The word “important” often means something less than the word “substantial.” But in context, it can mean “substantial.” A panel of 16 to 23 citizens who listen to the evidence of criminal charges presented by the prosecutor`s office and determine whether there is a probable reason to believe that a person has committed a crime. See also Indictment and United States Prosecutor. A claim for which no specific value has been determined. A full-time lawyer hired by federal courts to legally defend defendants who cannot afford a lawyer. The judiciary administers the Federal Defence Counsel Programme in accordance with criminal law.
An official of the judiciary who has the power to adjudicate complaints before the courts. The term commonly used judge can also refer to all bailiffs, including Supreme Court judges. Similar to an injunction, it is a short-term order issued by a judge prohibiting certain actions until a full hearing can be held. Often referred to as TRO. Imprisonment for two or more offences to be served simultaneously and not consecutively. Example: Two five-year prison sentences and a three-year term if served at the same time result in a maximum of five years behind bars. A request made as a result of a proceeding by a losing party on one or more issues, for a higher court to review the decision to determine whether it was correct. To make such a request is to “appeal” or “to appeal”. The one who appeals is called a “complainant”; The other party is the “appellant”.
The Sentencing Reform Act 1984 abolished probation in favour of a particular penal system, in which the level of punishment is determined by penal directives. Now, without the possibility of parole, the court-imposed jail sentence is the actual time the person spends in prison. All shares of ownership of the debtor at the time of bankruptcy. The estate technically becomes the temporary legal owner of all of the debtor`s assets. A written statement filed in court or an appeal that explains a party`s legal and factual arguments. A legal procedure to deal with the debt problems of individuals and companies; in particular, a case filed under one of the chapters of title 11 of the United States Code.